Water-filter.



No. 705,696. Patented lul'y29, I902.

A. G. NUACK.

WATER FILTER. (Application filed. Aug. 5, 1901.) (No Model.) IZSheets-Sheet l.

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NITED STATES A PATENT OFFIcE.

ADOLPII G. NOAOK, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

WAT E R-Fl LTE R.

sPEoIFIoArIoNrormin part of Letters Patent No. 705,696, dated July 29,1902. Application filed August 5,1901- serial-No. 70,911- (No model.)

the object of the invention is to provide a filter which is intended tobe used wherever filtration of Water for any purpose is desirable andwhich is adapted to be easilycleansed without taking apart, allsubstantially as shown and described, and particularly-as pointed out inthe claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of the filter online X X, Fig. 2,

in which the head and a portion of the end of the cylinder are removedand the parts one which the line X X is taken are sectioned. Fig. 2 is acentral sectional elevation of filter, taken lengthwise of its cylinderor casing and of the pipe connections therewith. Fig. 3 is a detail inperspective of the tube which serves to reverse the flow of waterthrough the filter to cleanse the same, as hereinafter fully described.Fig. 4 is an edge view of one of the plates by which the filteringstones and material are confined, as also is hereinafter fullydescribed.

The filter thus shown is designed to be set upon or supported by anysuitable base, stand,

or counter, and it maybe attached to or se- I cured upon a wall or othersupport over'a sink or basin or other place in which thewater is adaptedto drip and run away. Any of the usual means of support or places ofattachment may be employed. In this instance its connection is directlywith the supply-pipe P, which has an ornamental inclosing tube O,extending up to the joint or the pipe with the filter-cylinder A. Atthis point the said cylinder or body A is constructed with specialfeatures providing channels for the flow of the water into and from thefilter, as well as for the reversing mechanism adapted to change thedirection of flow and cleanse the filter, as already referred to. Thesefeatures of construction are a threaded neck 2, en-

. purpose.

and headed up I employ two separate filtergaged by a coupling-nut N,which connects with supply-pipe P through an intermediate internally andexternallythreaded sleeve S, engaged overthe pipe P and by the nut N.This or any equivalent coupling can be used.

Thence there is a channel 3 through neck 2 opening into a tubularchamber 4. lengthwise on the bottom of thebody A outside its main wall aand cast integral therewith. This chamber has a fluid-outlet 5 throughits wall into the fluid space or channel 6 next within 'and between thefilter-cylinder proper, a, and

water is free to flow into the open ends of the filter across the entireend area, and outside of these end spaces the cylinder is closed by theplatesorheads G and H, respectively. Both of these heads are fastened,preferably in thesame way, and rubber or equivalent gaskets 10 areplaced against the ends of cylinder A, and thumbscrews 11 through saidplates or heads enter ears or flanges 12 on the cylinder and serve topack the heads Water-tight. By means of these screws itis an easy matterfor any one to remove the heads and open the cylinder for any In thecylinder thus constructed ing stones or blocks B, one inserted from eachend and resting up against an internal ring 14 centrally in thecylinder, Where packing of a suitable kind serves to make the jointwator-tight. These blocks B may be of filterin g-stone of the right kindor composite blocks connection. Next to each block or stone I place alayer of felt or other fibrous filtering material of such quality anddensity as will intercept practically all foreign matter of the finerkinds and prevent its entrance to or upon the filtering-blocks B. Thismaterial, whether it be felt, cellulose, or other material of a finenesswhich will arrest floating impurities, is confined by a suitable cloth16, overspreading the same outside, and a locking-ring S, Fig. 4, hasinclined lugs or cams on one side, adapted to engage under lugs 22,projectinginward on rings R. A yoke-shaped handle 17 on ring S enablesit to be easily turned to place or for removal, and it presses on theedge of cloth 16 and holds it firmly in place. The closely-woven outercloth 16 acts as a strainer for the filter besides confining thematerial 20. By taking off the rougher or larger foreign particlesthrough the cloth cover 16 and intercepting the smaller particles by thefelt or other densely-packed material 20 the filtering stones or blocksare left free to do the Work of purification and to take up such matteras may be said to be in solution, and hence escapes the fabric and otherfiltering media, but cannot escape the searching and closely-knitsubstance of the blocks themselves. In this way I am also enabled toeliminate microbes and disease germs generally which may float in thewater, and thus purify water which otherwise is impure and utterly unfitto be used for drinking or other domestic purposes without cleansing.

From the foregoing description the flow of the water through the filteris readily traced as it enters through neck 3, enters tubular chamber 4,and flows thence through opening 5 into space 6 and by openings at theends of this space into the open areas in the heads of the filter. Thefiltered Water comes into the central space 8 between stones or blocks Band goes thence by chamber 7 into tubular chamber 4 in front of piston24 and out, to be drawn through faucet F. A flow cushioning and eveningbulb or chamber N is shown as open to pipe E, and waste-cock J serves todraw off waters run through the filter for cleansing. This is a verysimple operation by my construction, and consists chiefly in means forreversing the direction of flow of the water through the filter, thuscausing the accumulations to be washed out and carried off through theopen cock J. The mechanism to accomplish this reversal consists of a setof valves 24 and 25 on tubularbut when the filter is to be cleansed bythe action of water flowing through it in reverse direction the valvetube 26 is pushed in. against this spring till valve 24 goes beyondpassage 7 and valve 25 beyond hole 5, so as to bring holes 27 in thevalve-stem into open relation with hole 5. Then the inflow will be bypassage 7 through the filter and out by holes 5 and 27, through tube 26,to wastecock J.

I have thus somewhat minutely described the construction of the filter,but desire it to be understood that all the details mentioned maypossibly be more or less varied in form and relation and otherssubstituted therefor without departing from the spirit of the inventionor doing more than employing their equivalents in function and use.

Directions for connecting the fiZten-Tbe connections from the water tothe filter should be made with three-eighths-inch iron or lead pipe, anda stop and waste cock should always be used between the water connectionand the filter to provide a shut-ofi when the filter is to be takenapart for the purpose of cleaning or renewing filtering-cloths orsterilizing the stones B. A small rubber tube can be attached to thewaste-cock, so that the water may be drawn ofi into a receptacle. Afterhaving run the pipe from the water connection to the filter allow aconsiderablequantity of water to run out of the end of the pipe beforeconnecting to the filter, thereby causing any dirt, chips, or red leadto be Washed out of the pipe and prevent the same from getting into thefilter. Permit the water to run through the filter at least fifteen ortwenty minutes after it has been connected in order to work out all aircontained in the filter. When the stop-cock (not shown) is shut off forthe purpose of taking the filter apart, the faucet F on the filtershould be open to prevent a vacuum from forming in the filter andinsuring an open passage to the stop and waste cock.

Directions for taking the filter apari.-The filter should be taken apartabout once every three months and the filtering-cloths 16 removed andthoroughly washed in clean lukewarm water and then replaced. It isunnecessary to remove the filtering-stones, as they seldom becomeclogged; but, if desirable, they can be removed and sterilized byboiling in Water ten or fifteen minutes, then permit them to cool slowlyand replace. To take the filter apart, loosen the thumb-screws 11 at theends of the filter and remove headplates G, which can be done by using asmall screw-driver to pry said plates from the filter, if required. Thenremove rings S by taking hold of the yokes 17 and turning same to theleft, so as to disengage them from lugs 22, when the filtering-clothscan be readily removed. After the filteringcloths have been Washedstretch them with the hands and replace to their original positions.Replace rings S and head-plates G, tighten thumbscrews 11, and thefilter will again be ready for use.

- V t I Dt'reciionsfor cleaning thcfiZter.-To obtain the best results,open faucet J and press against the head of valve-stem 26 to carry thevalve inward as far as possible. This instantly reverses the flow ofwater and flushes the dirt from the inside of filter. Hold valve in thisposition until about one or two quarts of water are drawn through thewaste-cock J. Then release valve, when it will return to its properposition bypres sure of spring G. If the valve does not return of itsown accord, pull the same out as far as it will come. Then allow oneortwo quarts of Water to pass through the filter while the valve is pulledout. Repeat this operation three or four times, after which permit abouthalf a gallon of water to pass through the filter or until water againbecomes perfectly clear. This entire operation takes but a very fewminutes and must be done every day to obtain the best results.

What I claim is-- 1. Afilter-casing and a filtering block therein, incombination with a ring confining said block, a cloth and loosefiltering material over the outside of said block and a rotatable ringengaging the edge of the cloth and locked on the ring which confinessaid block, substantially as described.

2. A filter having a suitable filtering block or stone and a ring toconfine the same, a loose filtering material over said block or stoneand a cloth spread over the same, and a ring with a handle adapted to berotated and serving to press against the edge of the cloth and. fastenit in place, substantially as described.

3. A filter comprising a casing having an inwardly-extending ring at itscenter, in combi nation with a pair of filtering-blocks resting againstthe sides of said ring, means to confine each block in place, a head oneach end of the casing set apart from said blocks to leave a fluid-spacebetween them, and means to reverse the fiow of water through saidblocks, said means comprising channel 6 open to each end of the casing,fluid-inlet chamber 4 and a fluid-passage therefrom into said channel,duct 7 from said chamber into the casing between the filtering-blocks,and means in said chamber to control the fiow of fiuid into the saidcasing, substantially as described.

4. A filter-casing having open ends and inclosing heads therefor andconstructed to support a filter block or stone in each end, and havingin its bottom a water-channel leading to each end and a separate walledwaterchamber lengthwise outside said channel, said outer water-chamberconnected by a fixed. duct with the interior of the casing and by anopening with said water-channel, substantially as described.

5. The filtercasing open at both ends, and inclosing heads therefor, andadapted to receiveseparate filtering-stones in each end with afresh-water outlet between them, a watenchannel on the bottom of saidcasing open to both its ends and a tubular chamber outside said channeland in communication therewith by an opening, a water-supply con nectionwith said chamber and a valved wator-outlet therefrom, a duct connectingthe interior of the said casing with said chamber and mechanism in saidchamber adapted to' slide therein and change the direction of flow ofwater through the filter, substantially as described.

6. The filter-casing and a water-channel and a water-chamber,respectively, at its bottom, a duct 5 connecting said chamber andchannel, a duct 7 from said chamber into the casing, and ducts at theends of said channel into the ends of the casing, and a double slidablevalve in said chamber constructed to change the direction of the flow ofwater therethrough, substantially as described.

7. A filter constructed to be cleansed by flowing the pressure-waterthrough the same in a reverse direction, and having an inclosingcylinder, in combination with a water-inlet chamber and openingstherefrom into both the ends and the center of the said cylinder,

a tubular valve-stem and a pair of valves thereon in said chambercontrolling said openings, said stem having a passage through the samefrom its inner end, and a spring pressing against the inner end of saidstem, substantially as described.

Witness my hand to the foregoing specifi cation this 27thday of July,1901.

ADOLPH G. NOAOK.

Witnesses:

R. B. MOSER, H. E. MUDRA.

